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Source: http://www.brookings.edu/research/reports2/2015/08/iran-nuclear-deal-battleground-issues-einhorn
Debating the Iran Nuclear Deal
(Brookings) Robert Einhorn - Many elements of the Iran deal are widely seen as positive, even by skeptics. These include deep reductions in installed centrifuges and enriched uranium stocks; the re-design of the Arak heavy water reactor, the shipment of its spent fuel out of Iran, and the 15-year ban on reprocessing; and limits on research and development of advanced centrifuges for 10 years. The agreement ensures high confidence in the ability to detect non-compliance at declared facilities because of the use of advanced verification technologies and the scope and intensity of monitoring arrangements, including continuous surveillance and inventory accounting. Tehran will not receive sanctions relief until the IAEA confirms that Iran has fulfilled its key nuclear commitments, including moving roughly 13,000 excess centrifuges to monitored storage, reducing enriched uranium stocks from well over 10,000 kg. to 300 kg., and removing and disabling the core of the Arak heavy water reactor. Moreover, the annexes contain numerous detailed, technical agreements that will minimize ambiguities and should reduce implementation problems down the road. The writer is a former U.S. Department of State Special Advisor for Nonproliferation and Arms Control and former negotiator in the Iran nuclear talks.